Benefits and barriers of clown care: A qualitative phenomenographical study of parents with children in clown care services
VIEW FULL TEXT HERE

Keywords

child health
family
family-centred care
paediatrics
qualitative approaches

How to Cite

Tan, A. K. J. P., Metsälä, E., & Hannula, L. (2014). Benefits and barriers of clown care: A qualitative phenomenographical study of parents with children in clown care services. The European Journal of Humour Research, 2(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.7592/EJHR2014.2.2.tan

Abstract

Clowning is a form of humour. It is an art form that invites play, interaction, and laughter. Clown Care is a programme in hospitals and medical centres involving visits from specially trained hospital clowns. The aim of this paper is to describe the benefits and barriers associated with the clown care programme. A qualitative phenomenographical study was performed using a semi-structured in-depth interview of twelve parents with children receiving clown care in various hospital wards in a Finnish University Hospital for children. Clown care creates a positive emotional state, promotes interaction between parents and child, and fosters affirmative environmental conditions. Barriers include psychological and emotional state, severity of medical condition, developmental level, and timing and context. The findings suggest that clown care integration in the care for family and child is useful in the promotion of emotional and psychosocial well-being.

https://doi.org/10.7592/EJHR2014.2.2.tan
VIEW FULL TEXT HERE

References

Åkerlind, G. (2005). ‘Variation and commonality in phenomenographic research methods’. Higher Education Research and Development 24 (4), pp. 321–334.

Åstedt-Kurki, P. & Liukkonen, A. (1994). ‘Humour in nursing care’. Journal of Advanced Nursing 20 (1), pp. 183–188.

Barkmann, C., Siem, A., Wessolowski, N. & Schulte-Markwort, M. (2013). ‘Clowning as a supportive measure in paediatrics: A survey of clowns, parents and nursing staff’. BMC Paediatrics 13, pp. 166.

Burns, N. & Grove, S. (2009). The Practice of Nursing Research: An Appraisal, Synthesis, and Generation of Evidence. St. Louis, Missouri: Saunders, Elsevier.

Dean, R. & Major, J. (2008). ‘From critical care to comfort care: The sustaining value of humour’. Journal of Clinical Nursing 17 (8), pp. 1088–1095.

Degabriele, J. & Walsh, I. (2010). ‘Humour appreciation and comprehension in children with intellectual disability’. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 54 (6), pp. 525–537.

Ford, K., Courtney-Pratt, H., Tesch, L. & Johnson, C. (2013). ‘More than just clowns: Clown doctor rounds and their impact for children, families and staff’. Journal of Child Health Care 18 (3), pp. 286–296.

Hunt, A. H. (1993). ‘Humour as a nursing intervention’. Cancer Nursing 16 (1), 34–39.

Koller, D. & Gryski, C. (2007). ‘The life threatened child and the life enhancing clown: Towards a model of therapeutic clowning’. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 5 (1), pp. 17–25.

Leech, N. & Onwuegbuzie, A. (2007). ‘An array of qualitative data analysis tools: A call for data analysis triangulation’. School Psychology Quarterly 22 (4), pp. 557–584.

Linge, L. (2012). ‘Magical attachment: Children in magical relations with hospital clowns’. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being 7 (1), pp. 11862.

Mallet, J. (1995). ‘Humour and laughter therapy: Complementary therapies in nursing and midwifery’. British Journal of Nursing 2 (3), pp. 172–175.

Mansson, M., Elfving, R., Petersson, C., Wahl, J. & Tunell, S. (2013). ‘Use of clowns to aid recovery in hospitalised children’. Nursing Child and Young People 25 (10), pp. 26–30.

Martin, R. (2006). ‘Sense of humor and physical health: Theoretical issues, recent findings, and future directions’. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research 17 (1/2), pp. 1–19.

McCreaddie, M. & Wiggins, S. (2008). ‘The purpose and function of humour in health, health care and nursing: A narrative review’. Journal of Advanced Nursing 61 (6), pp. 584–595.

McDonald, C. (2004). ‘A chuckle a day keeps the doctor away: Therapeutic humour and laughter’. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing 42 (3), 18–25.

McGhee, P. E. (1979). Humor: Its Origin and Development. San Francisco: Freeman.

Olsson, H., Backe, H., Sorensen, S. & Kock, M. (2002). ‘The essence of humour and its effects and functions: A qualitative study’. Journal of Nursing Management 10 (1), pp. 21–26.

Oppenheim, D., Simonds, C. & Hartmann, O. (1997). ‘Clowning on children’s wards’. Lancet 350 (9094), pp. 1838–1840.

Piaget, J. (1952). The Origins of Intelligence in Children. New York: International Universities Press.

Sheldon, L. (1996). ‘An analysis of the concept of humour and its application to one aspect of children’s nursing’. Journal of Advanced Nursing 24 (6), pp. 1175–1183.

Spitzer, P. (2006). ‘Hospital clowns: Modern-day court jesters at work’. Lancet 368 (1), pp. 34–35.

Spitzer, P. (2012). Clown Doctors. Australia: The Humour Foundation Churchill Fellow Winston Memorial Trust Press.

Vagnoli, L., Caprili, S. & Messeri, A. (2010). ‘Parental presence, clowns or sedative premedication to treat preoperative anxiety in children: What could be the most promising option?’. Paediatric Anaesthesia 20 (1), pp. 937–943.

Wolyniez, I., Rimon, A., Scolnik, D., Gruber, A., Tavor, O., Haviv, E. & Glatstein, M. (2013). ‘The effect of a medical clown on pain during intravenous access in the paediatric emergency department: A randomised prospective pilot study’. Clinical Paediatrics 52 (12), pp. 1168–1172.

All authors agree to an Attribution Non-Commercial Non Derivative Creative Commons License on their work.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.